2005 Christian Holidays: Ecumenical Wisdom Tradition

[* 1/1: Day Pope John Paul II exhorted Christians to respect Nature, to preserve natural resources, and to stop environmental destruction (1990).] [Citing Genesis, the Pope said that, because responsibility for Creation was entrusted by Deity to humankind, the ecological crisis is a moral issue of human responsibility. He believed the ecological crisis was caused by a lack of respect for life. He said that it implicates planetary peace as well as the quality of life of all. He was concerned about the depletion of the ozone layer, massive urban concentrations, unrestricted deforestation, and the use of certain types of herbicides, coolants, and propellants. He also expressed concern about genetically-modified plants and animals. He exhorted governments to cooperate internationally, and to internally adopt internationally-accepted standards, to ensure preservation of the environment.] [This was expressed in "Peace with God the Creator, Peace with All of Creation: Message of His Holiness Pope John Paul II for the Celebration of the World Day of Peace".]

* 1/4: Day ethnic discrimination was outlawed world-wide (1969); day to mourn all manifestations of racism. [Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination: signed/adopted 3/7/1966; entered into force 1/4/1969.] [Text of Convention] [For more information, see Anti Racism Information Service website; Human Rights Watch website.]

* 1/6 (OC 1/19): Epiphany--Christian feast recalling the adoration of Child Jesus by the Magi, and the beginning of Rabbi Jesus' ministry of love to humanity - when He changed water into wine at Cana. [Orthodox Christians celebrate the Baptism of Jesus at Epiphany.] [a/k/a Epiphany of the Lord]

* 1/7: Orthodox Christian Christmas. [a/k/a Nativity of the Savior]

* 1/13: Death day of George Fox (1691), founder of the Quakers. Quakers experience Deity within and practice egalitarianism, social activism, and peacefulness. [Born 7/1624: exact date unknown]

* 1/15: Feast of the Black Christ. [a/k/a Feast of the Black Christ of Esquipulas, Fiesta Del Senor de Esquipulas] [Originated in Guatemala and celebrated by Catholics in Central America and the Caribbean as well as immigrants and African-Americans in the U.S.] [Pilgrims travel to the Church of the Black Christ of Esquipulas annually during the week leading up to the feast.]

* 1/15 (Obs. 1/17): Birthday of Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. (1929), Baptist preacher and non- violent advocate for the rights of African Americans. [Death day 4/4/1968]

* 1/15: First appearance of Our Lady of Banneux, Virgin of the poor, the sick, and the suffering (Belgium 1933).

* 1/16: World Religions Day--Day to contemplate all religions as different paths to the one universal Deity of many names and aspects.

* 1/29: Birthday of Vladimir Soloviev (1853), Orthodox Christian mystic who bewailed humanity's alienation from Holy Wisdom and from Nature, Her manifestation. [Death day 8/12/1900]

* 1/31: Birthday of Fr. Thomas Merton (1915), Catholic mystic and poet, who found Deity in stillness and silence. [Death day 12/9/1968]

* 2/2 to 2/8 (OC 3/5 to 3/11): Carnival/Meat Fare--Christian time of feasting, dancing, and revelry. [Ends on Shrove Tuesday/Mardi Gras, final day before Lent.]

* 2/9 to 3/24 (OC 3/14 to 4/23): Ash Wednesday (fast day) and Lent--Christian time of purification by self-reflection, peace-making, reparation for harm done, and helping those in need. [Some also abstain from meat on Fridays.] [a/k/a Great Lent]

* 2/11: First appearance of Our Lady of Lourdes, Lady of healing waters (France 1858).

* 2/11: Day the first woman was consecrated an Episcopalian bishop in the U.S. (1989). [Bishop Barbara Harris]

* 2/15: Birthday of Galileo (1564), astronomer; day to mourn the persecution of scientists by religious authorities. [Death day 1/8/1642]

* 2/18: Death day of Michelangelo (1564), painter of the Sistine Chapel (where Our Father is shown embracing Our Mother while reaching out to humanity). [Birthday 3/6/1475]

* 3/1: Day the production and use of landmines was outlawed world-wide (1999); day to mourn their victims. [Protocol on Prohibition or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-Traps, and Other Devices a/k/a Convention on Landmines a/k/a Mine Ban Treaty, amending the 1980 Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May be Deemed Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects: Treaty signed/adopted 10/10/1980; entered into force 12/2/1983; Protocol signed 12/3/1997; entered into force 3/1/1999.] [The U.S., Russia, Yugoslavia, Armenia, Finland, Estonia, and Latvia have not ratified the Protocol.] [There are between 60 and 70 million landmines in the ground of 70+ countries. Landmines maim or kill approximately 26,000 civilians each year, including 8,000 to 10,000 children. In the name of Jesus Christ, and for love of Jesus Christ, Christians should renounce the production and use of landmines, and should demand removal and destruction of all existing landmines.] [Text of Convention] [For more information, see International Campaign to Ban Landmines website; Adopt a Minefield website.] [Text of United Nations Charter, chapter V, article 26]

* 3/6: Christian feast of Blessed Mary, partner of St. Joseph and mother of Blessed Jesus - honors her as nurturer, teacher, protector, and guide of all mothers. [a/k/a Mothering Sunday]

* 3/8: International Women's Day--Day to mourn victims of gender-based oppression and misogyny (past and present), make peace, and celebrate women's empowerment. [For information on International Women's Day, see United Nations website; A history of International Women's Day.]

[* 3/12: Day Pope John Paul II, in the name of the Catholic Church, asked Deity's forgiveness and apologized: to Jews for anti-Semitism, to Muslims for the Crusades, to peoples of other religions for forced conversions to Christianity, to Christians of other denominations for intolerance to them, to dissenters for the Inquisition, to women for their humiliation and marginalization, and to the poor and the powerless for indifference to them (2000).] [On the first Sunday in Lent in the Jubilee Year, as part of the liturgy of the Mass inside St. Peter's Basilica, at the Vatican, Pope John Paul II made this public confession with the aid of seven cardinals and bishops. The Pope also forgave the sins of other religions against Catholics and other Christians.]

* 3/13: Birthday of Joseph Priestley (1733), Unitarian who found Biblical basis for belief in a unitary Deity, and recognized Jesus to be Deity's Great Prophet. [Death day 2/6/1804]

[* 3/16: Day Pope John Paul II expressed remorse for the failure of Christians to prevent the murder of six million Jews during World War II (1998).] [This was expressed in "We Remember: A Reflection on the Shoah".] [Pope Pius XII, who became Pope in 1939, was silent about the Nazi persecution of Jews, other than a 1942 Christmas message that acknowledged that "hundreds of thousands of persons...because of nationality or race, have been consigned to death".] [Pope John Paul II also expressed sorrow for the suffering of Jews at the hands of Christians in a note left at the Western Wall in Jerusalem on 3/26/2000. However, Pope John Paul II planned to beatify Pope Pius XII, until protests dissuaded him. And, in spite of protests, he beatified the anti-Semitic Pope Pius IX on 9/3/2000.]

* 3/19: Christian feast of St. Joseph, partner of Blessed Mary and foster-father of Blessed Jesus - honors him as nurturer, teacher, protector, and guide of all fathers.

* 3/20 (OC 4/24): Palm Sunday--Christian feast marking Savior Jesus' entrance into Jerusalem to teach love and justice for all humanity and to sacrifice Himself for the liberation and redemption of all. [a/k/a Passion Sunday, Sunday of the Passion]

[* 3/24: Feast of Gabriel, Angel of Truth.]

* 3/24 (OC 4/28): Maundy Thursday/Last Supper of Savior Jesus--He washed the feet of His male and female disciples, gave them bread and wine as His body and blood, and told of the Paraclete (Our Mother, the Holy Spirit) who would come after Him. [a/k/a Holy Thursday, Great and Holy Thursday]

* 3/25 (OC 4/29): Passion Friday--Fast day to mourn the torture and killing of Savior Jesus by civil and religious authorities, and to contemplate the sacrifice made for the liberation and redemption of all. [a/k/a Good Friday, Holy Friday, Great and Holy Friday]

* 3/25 (Tr. to 4/5) (OC 4/7): Annunciation Day--Christian feast commemorating Blessed Mary's fiat - choosing to conceive Child Jesus by the power of the Holy Spirit and to become catalyst of liberation and redemption. [a/k/a Annunciation of the Virgin Mary, Annunciation of the Lord]

* 3/26: Day production and use of biological weapons was outlawed world-wide (1975); day to mourn their victims. [Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction a/k/a Biological Weapons Convention: signed 4/10/1972; entered into force 3/26/1975.] [Russia and Cuba are believed to currently have biological weapons research programs in spite of the Treaty's prohibition. Both have ratified the Treaty.] [In the name of Jesus Christ, and for love of Jesus Christ, Christians should renounce the production, acquisition, and use of biological weapons, and should demand destruction of all existing weapons.] [Text of Convention] [For more information, see U.N. Disarmament of Weapons of Mass Destruction website; Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention website; Sipri Chemical and Biological Weapons Project: Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention Mainpage; Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Project website; Monterey Institute of International Studies Chemical and Biological Weapons Resource Page; Federation of American Scientists (FAS) Chemical and Biological Arms Control Program website.] [Text of United Nations Charter, chapter V, article 26]

* 3/26 (OC 4/30): Holy Saturday--Vigil remembering Savior Jesus in His cave tomb. [Some fast during the day.] [In the evening, fire and water are blessed, and the Holy Spirit is entreated to bring about regeneration and renewal.] [a/k/a Easter Vigil, Easter Eve, Great and Holy Saturday]

* 3/27 (OC 5/1): Easter/Pascha--Christian celebration of Lord Jesus' resurrection by the power of the Holy Spirit. [Eggs are blessed and distributed.] [a/k/a Great and Holy Paskha]

[* 4/1: Day that same-sex marriage was first legally recognized (2001).] [Same-sex marriage has been legalized in the Netherlands (2001), Belgium (2003), Spain (2005), and Canada (2005). Many countries recognize same-sex civil unions or domestic partnerships (e.g., Denmark (1989), Norway (1993), Sweden (1995), Greenland (1996), Hungary (1996), Iceland (1996), France (1999), South Africa (1999), Germany (2001), Portugal (2001), Finland (2002), Liechtenstein (2002), Croatia (2003), Israel (2004), Luxembourg (2004), New Zealand (2004), the United Kingdom (2004), Switzerland (2005), Andorra (2005), and Slovenia (2005)). In the U.S., the state supreme courts of Hawaii (1993), Vermont (1999), and Massachusetts (2003) ruled that the bar to same-sex marriage violates their state constitutions. Subsequently, Hawaii has adopted (1998), and the Massachusetts legislature has proposed (2004), a constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriage. The Hawaii and Vermont legislatures were given the option of recognizing civil unions, which Hawaii (1997) and Vermont (2000) both adopted. California (1999), D.C. (2002), New Jersey (2004), Maine (2004), and Connecticut (2005) have also legalized same-sex civil unions or adopted same-sex domestic partnership laws. However, some U.S. states have passed constitutional amendments banning same-sex marriage (e.g., Alaska, Nevada, Missouri, Louisiana, Arkansas, Georgia, Kentucky, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Utah, and Kansas), and others have statutes or judicial decisions banning same-sex marriage. A federal statute (Defense of Marriage Act -- 1996) bans same-sex marriage under federal law and allows states to not recognize same-sex marriages contracted elsewhere.] [For more information, see the Wikipedia website.] [Christian denominations that perform same-sex marriage ceremonies include the Metropolitan Community Church, the Unitarian Universalist Association, the United Church of Christ, and the Ecumenical Catholic Church. Some Episcopal churches, Presbyterian churches, and Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) meetings also perform same-sex marriage or blessing ceremonies.] [For more information, see the Religious Coalition for the Freedom to Marry website.]

* 4/7: World Health Day--Day to pray for healing of all those chronically and seriously ill; day to advocate for adequate health care for all. [Day the World Health Organization (W.H.O.) was founded in 1948.] [For information on World Health Day, see World Health Organization website; UN Dag Hammarskjold Library website.] [For information on the World Health Organization, see World Health Organization website.]

[* 4/11: Day Pope John XXIII called for world peace, recognition of human rights, and justice under law (1963). He recognized that peace will only be realized when social justice is realized.] [The Pope believed that it is the function of government to create a juridical order, in harmony with the moral order. He recognized that each person is vested with rights and duties that are universal, inviolable, and inalienable. The Pope said that each person has: the right to live, the right to the means necessary for life, the right to freedom of speech, the right to pursue the profession of choice, the right to an education and to receive information about public events, the right to religious freedom, the right to found a family, the right to work, the right to a just and living wage and work conditions conducive to family life, the right to own property, the right of meeting and association, the right to emigrate and immigrate, the right to participate in public life, and the right to legal protection of these rights. He indicated that government, with due regard for the equality of all, has a duty to accommodate the rights and duties of all, preventing the rights of some to impede the rights of others. Government must be particularly concerned with the welfare of the weak, minority groups, and refugees. The Pope believed that governments should, in their international relations, also act with truth, justice, and respect. He also believed that wealthier countries should aid the poorer ones. He encouraged countries to work together through the United Nations and other international entities. The Pope condemned the arms race and the development of nuclear weapons, and said that disarmament is necessary for world peace. He disapproved of war, recognizing that weapons of mass destruction could not serve justice.] [This is expressed in Pope John XXIII’s Encyclical on Peace on Earth.]

* 4/18: Death day of Elhanan Winchester (1797), Universalist who exhorted people to lives of personal ethics and social reform. [Birthday 9/30/1751]

* 4/22: Earth Day--Day to honor the Earth and to meditate on Deity manifesting as Mother Earth. [a/k/a International Earth Day, National Earth Day] [For information about Earth Day activities, see Earthday Network website; Envirolink website; U.S. government website for Earth Day; U.S. E.P.A. website for Earth Day.]

* 4/22: Day the world's nations guaranteed asylum to those persecuted in their homelands on account of their ethnicity, religion, or political opinion (1954). [Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees: signed 7/28/1951; entered into force 4/22/1954.] [Text of Convention] [For more information, see United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees website; Human Rights Watch website.]

* 4/29: Day production and use of chemical weapons was outlawed world-wide (1997); day to mourn their victims. [Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons a/k/a Chemical Weapons Convention: signed 1/13/1993; entered into force 4/29/1997.] [Russia and Ethiopia are believed to currently possess chemical weapons in spite of the Treaty's prohibition. Both have ratified the Treaty.] [In the name of Jesus Christ, and for love of Jesus Christ, Christians should renounce the production, acquisition, and use of chemical weapons, and should demand destruction of all existing weapons.] [Text of Convention] [For more information, see U.N. Disarmament of Weapons of Mass Destruction website; Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons webpage; Sipri Chemical and Biological Weapons Project: Chemical Weapons Convention Mainpage; Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Project website; Monterey Institute of International Studies Chemical and Biological Weapons Resource Page; Federation of American Scientists (FAS) Chemical and Biological Arms Control Program website.] [Text of United Nations Charter, chapter V, article 26]

* 5/1: Christian feast celebrating the sacred marriage of Blessed Mary and St. Joseph. [Also honors St. Joseph as the Laborer]

* 5/1: Birthday of Fr. Pierre Teilhard de Chardin (1881), Catholic mystic and evolutionary who experienced the union of consciousness with all Nature. [Death day 4/10/1955]

[* 5/1: Day Pope John Paul II affirmed that capitalism must be tempered by social justice and restrained by human rights and environmental laws (1991).] [Pope John Paul II rejected communism and totalitarianism, as well as consumerism and unbridled capitalism. He reaffirmed the fundamental rights of workers to their own labor, to dignity in work, to reasonable working conditions, to humane working hours, to a just and living wage, to a family life, to associate with other workers for their collective good, and to participate in a democratic process of governance under the rule of law. He indicated that the government has an obligation to seek full employment of workers through its economic policies, to provide social security for those unable to work, and to provide unemployment insurance and retraining for the unemployed. He also reaffirmed the right to private ownership of property, including technology, but cautioned that the government should not favor the wealthy over the poor. Rather, it is the responsibility of the government to protect all people, but especially the poor and the vulnerable, from exploitation by rich and the powerful companies, particularly in times of economic and industrial change. He also indicated that governments should not allow companies, in the name of capitalism, to exploit natural resources of the Earth irresponsibly and destroy the environment.] [Expressed in Pope John Paul II's Social Encyclical, issued on the 100th Anniversary of Rerum Novarum, the Social Encyclical of Pope Leo XIII, which it strives to reinterpret.]

* 5/2 to 5/4: Rogation Days--Christian days of prayer for bountiful crops, sustainable development, and healing of environmental abuses.

* 5/5 (OC 6/9): Ascension Day--Christian feast marking Lord Jesus' ascension into Heaven. [a/k/a Ascension of the Lord]

* 5/5: National Day of Prayer--Day to pray for freedom of expression, freedom of religion, and separation of religion and government throughout the world. [For an overview of U.S. Supreme Court cases on freedom of religion under the U.S. Constitution, see First Amendment Cyber-Tribune.] [For information on religious freedom in countries around the world, see U.S. State Department International Religious Freedom Report; Oslo Coalition on Freedom of Religion or Belief.] [For the text and more information on the Constitution's First Amendment, see Cornell University's Legal Information Institute website; First Amendment Online website and 1st Amendment.com website.] [For information on organizations that advocate for freedom of religion, see Americans United for Separation of Church and State website; American Civil Liberty Union website; Human Rights Watch website.]

* 5/8: Christian feast of St. Julian of Norwich (d. 1419) - mystic who believed Deity to be Father and Mother, everywhere in everything.

* 5/15 (OC 6/19): Pentecost/Whitsunday--Christian feast celebrating the descent of Our Mother, the Holy Spirit, upon the male and female disciples of Lord Jesus; honors Her as the Paraclete - Grace, Wisdom, Justice, and Providence. [a/k/a Holy Pentecost]

* 5/22: Trinity Sunday--Christian celebration of the one universal Deity as Holy Heavenly Father, Holy Spirit Mother, and Holy Christ Child.

[* 5/25: Day Pope John Paul II reaffirmed the Catholic Church's commitment to ecumenism (1995). He asked for mutual forgiveness and reconciliation amongst the various Christian denominations, in spite of continuing differences and a painful past. He called for continuous dialogue, cooperation, and solidarity in service to humanity.] [This was expressed in Pope John Paul II's Encyclical on Commitment to Ecumenism.]

* 5/26: Corpus Christi--Christian day for veneration of Christ Immanuel in the Host - divine immanence in the grain.

* 5/31: Christian feast of Our Lady, Queen of Heaven.

* 6/6: First appearance of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal, Compassionate Mother who answers all pleas (France 1830).

* 6/13: Christian feast of St. Anthony (d. 1231), guardian of the poor and the powerless, and guide of social justice activists.

* 6/16: Birthday of Fr. Sergei Bulgakov (1871), Orthodox Christian mystic who believed the one universal Deity to be Father and Mother, Spirit and Matter. [Death day 7/12/1944]

* 6/24: First appearance of Our Lady of Medjugorje, Queen of Peace, Mother of All Peoples (Yugoslavia 1981).

* 6/25: Day the first woman was ordained a Universalist minister in the U.S. (1863). [Rev. Olympia Brown]

* 6/30: Vigil for peace, democracy, religious freedom, ethnic equality, and the end of slavery in Sudan - now in the throes of civil war. [Since 1983, when Islamic law was adopted in Sudan, civil war has pitted Arab Muslims against African Christians and animists. As a result, over 2 million have died, most through forced starvation. Government troops have been accused of torture, rape, enslavement, and the murder of women and children. On 6/30/1989, a military coup by Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir brought authoritarian rule to Sudan. In 1991, Islamic law was imposed on non-Muslims in the areas within his control. Since February 2003, in the Darfur region, the government-supported Janjaweed militia has been terrorizing the African population, many of whom are Muslims. Over 100,000 civilians have been killed there, 405 villages have been destroyed, and 1.2 million have been displaced. Many have been tortured and raped. Crops and livestock have been stolen or destroyed. The Janjaweed militia is also blocking aid from reaching refugee camps, so those in the camps are starving. Though a ceasefire was signed on 4/9/2004 between the government and the two rebel groups, and though a peace accord was signed on 1/9/2005 between the government and the main rebel group, the Janjaweed's violence against civilians continues unabated. On 9/9/2004, the U.S. accused the Sudanese government of genocide and, on 2/2/2005, the U.N. conceded that war crimes and crimes against humanity have been committed. On 3/31/2005, the U.N. Security Council approved a resolution to prosecute those who have committed such crimes before the International Criminal Court.] [For more information, see CNN website; Global Security website; Human Rights Watch report: Sudan; U.S. State Department International Religious Freedom Report for 2004: Sudan.]

* 7/1: Day the world's nations committed to stop proliferation of nuclear weapons (1968); vigil to protest the production and use of all nuclear weapons world-wide. [Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons: signed 7/1/1968; entered into force 3/5/1970.] [The U.S., the U.K., France, and Russia have failed to destroy their nuclear weapons in spite of the Treaty's requirement that they work towards disarmament. And the U.S. is even developing a new nuclear weapon. The U.S. used 2 atomic bombs on Japan in 8/1945: over 270,000 civilians died from the bombs and radiation.] [In the name of Jesus Christ, and for love of Jesus Christ, Christians should renounce the production, acquisition, and use of nuclear weapons, and should demand destruction of all existing weapons.] [Text of Convention] [For more information, see U.N. Disarmament of Weapons of Mass Destruction website; International Atomic Energy Agency (I.A.E.A.) website.] [Text of United Nations Charter, chapter V, article 26]

* 7/1: Day endangered species became internationally protected (1975); day to celebrate all the world's creatures. [Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora: signed/adopted 3/3/1973; entered into force 7/1/1975.] [Text of Convention] [For more information, see U.N. Environmental Programme CITES website; World Wildlife Fund website; EarthJustice website.]

* 7/2: Visitation Day--Christian feast marking St. Elizabeth's recognition of Blessed Mary's divine destiny as catalyst for human liberation and redemption.

* 7/10: Day Pope John Paul II acknowledged the evil of sexism and apologized for the Catholic Church's past oppression of women (1995); day to mourn the continued subordination of women by the Church. [The Vatican issued a declaration on 11/18/1995 indicating that the Church's ban on ordaining women was an infallible teaching. Because of the lack of litigation or media attention, the Church has yet to address the problem of priests' sexual abuse of nuns. The Church has also failed to reward retired nuns with pensions, in spite of a lifetime of service.]

* 7/11: Day Srebrenica, Bosnia, fell to attacking Serbs (1995), beginning a massacre of thousands of civilians because of their ethnicity and religion; vigil for true peace, justice, religious tolerance, and respect for the human rights of all in the Balkans. [Though it was declared a U.N. "safe haven," Srebrenica, Bosnia, was attacked and fell to Christian Serb aggressors on 7/11/1995. 8,000-15,000 civilian Muslim Slavs were killed there from 7/12-7/17/1995 because of their ethnicity and religion. On 8/2/2001, Bosnian Serb General Radislav Krstic was convicted of genocide for his part in the massacre. Former Yugoslavian President Slobodan Milosevic is now being tried for war crimes, genocide, and crimes against humanity for his part in the massacre at Srebenica and the "ethnic cleansing" elsewhere in Bosnia, Croatia, and Kosovo.] [For more information, see Report of the Secretary General Pursuant to General Assembly Resolution 53/35 (1998);Human Rights Watch report: Serbia-Montenegro; Human Rights Watch report: Bosnia-Herzegovina; Human Rights Watch report: Croatia; U.S. State Department International Religious Freedom Report for 2004: Serbia-Montenegro; U.S. State Department International Religious Freedom Report for 2004: Bosnia-Herzegovina; U.S. State Department International Religious Freedom Report for 2004: Croatia.]

* 7/12: Anniversary of the Battle of the Boyne (1690); vigil for true peace, justice, religious tolerance, and equal rights for all in Northern Ireland. [The Battle of the Boyne, which marked the defeat of Catholic James II by Protestant William III, occurred on 7/12/1690. Following this defeat, the law discriminated against Catholics. Protestants annually celebrate their victory over Catholics on this date, providing an impetus to civil strife. Catholics and Protestants committed to peaceful coexistence, power-sharing, and disarmament by signing the Good Friday Peace Agreement on 4/10/1998.] [For a history of the conflict, see CAIN Web Service: The Northern Ireland Conflict 1968 to the Present; BBC News website: The Troubles; CNN News website.]

* 7/16: Birthday of Mary Baker Eddy (1821), founder of Christian Science, who honored Deity as Father-Mother God. [Death day 12/3/1910]

* 7/22: Christian feast of St. Mary Magdalen, disciple and priestess--Savior Jesus made her His priestess by purifying her seven times; she anointed Him in preparation for His sacrifice and witnessed His torture, death, and resurrection.

* 7/26: Christian feast of St. Anna, mother of Blessed Mary and grandmother of Blessed Jesus; guide of grandmothers and elderly women.

* 8/2: Feast of the Black Madonna. [a/k/a Feast of the Virgin of the Angels]

[* 8/5: Day that six women, who were ordained Catholic priests without Vatican authority on 6/29, were excommunicated for failing to renounce their claims to the priesthood (2002).]

* 8/6 (OC 8/19): Transfiguration Day--Christian feast celebrating the revelation of Lord Jesus as the Cosmic Christ and friend to all humanity. [a/k/a Transfiguration of the Lord]

* 8/10: Remembrance day for Nicholas of Cusa (d. 1464) - Christian mystic who believed all Creation to be the unfolding of Deity. [Birthday & death day unknown]

* 8/11: Christian feast of St. Clare of Assisi (d. 1253), guide of environmentalists.

[* 8/12: Day Pope Pius XII proclaimed the theory of evolution to be consistent with Catholic teaching and Christian faith (1950).] [See Encyclical Humani Generis] [Pope John Paul II concurred.] [See Message to Pontifical Academy of Sciences (10/22/1996)]

* 8/15 (OC 8/28): Assumption Day--Christian feast commemorating Blessed Mother Mary rising into Heaven, being crowned Queen of Heaven and Earth, and being transformed into Our Lady, the Paraclete (the Holy Spirit) who appears everywhere. [a/k/a Assumption of the Virgin Mary]

* 8/17: Vigil for peace, justice, religious tolerance, and respect for the human rights of all in Indonesia - now struggling against religious terrorism. [Indonesia Independence Day 8/17. Since 1/1/1999, due to forced conversions to Islam, there has been interreligious violence between Muslims and Christians in Indonesia.] [For more information, see Human Rights Watch report: Indonesia; U.S. State Department International Religious Freedom Report for 2004: Indonesia.]

* 8/22: Christian feast of Our Lady, Queen of Angels.

* 8/27: Birthday of Mother Teresa (Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu) (1910), Catholic nun who served the poorest of the poor and saw Deity in each person. [Death day 9/5/1997]

* 8/28: Day of Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s peaceful march on Washington, D.C., for recognition of the rights of African Americans (1963). [Rev. King made his inspiring "I have a dream" speech at this rally.]

* 8/28: Opening of the Second World Parliament of Religions (1993), attended by members of all the world's religions. A Global Ethic was adopted that condemns hatred, aggression, oppression, and environmental abuses committed in the name of religion. [Text of Global Ethic]

* 9/3: Day gender discrimination was outlawed world-wide (1981); day to mourn all manifestations of sexism. [Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women: adopted by U.N. General Assembly 12/18/1979; signed 3/1/1980; entered into force 9/3/1981.] [Text of Convention] [For more information, see WomenWatch: United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women website; Feminist Majority Foundation website; Human Rights Watch website.]

[* 9/3: Day Pope John Paul II beatified symbols of progressive religious authority (Pope John XXIII) and autocratic religious authority (Pope Pius IX) (2000).] [Pope John XXIII instigated the reforms of the Vatican II Council in 1962, and advocated freedom of religion, peace, and social justice. Pope Pius IX adopted the doctrine of papal infallibility at the Vatican I Council in 1870, and rejected the doctrines of separation of church and state, freedom of religion, and freedom of speech in his Syllabus of Errors in 1864.]

* 9/6: Day Latin American Catholic Bishops espoused Liberation Theology (1968). They believe that the Gospel requires Christians to aid the poor and oppressed in the struggle for economic and social justice. [The Second Latin American Bishops Conference was held in Medellin, Colombia on 9/6/1968.]

* 9/8 (OC 9/21): Birthday of Blessed Mary, catalyst of liberation and redemption. [a/k/a Nativity of the Virgin Mary]

* 9/8: Death day of Mother Ann Lee (1784), mystic and founder of the Shakers, who worshipped with ecstatic dance and song, and believed Deity to be Father, Son, Mother, and Daughter. [Birthday 2/29/1736]

* 9/9: Christian feast of St. Joachim, father of Blessed Mary and grandfather of Blessed Jesus; guide of grandfathers and elderly men.

* 9/10: Birthday of Thomas Thayer (1812), Universalist who believed Deity to be at work in evolution and continuing creation. [Death day 2/12/1886]

* 9/13: Day Israelis and Palestinians committed to peaceful coexistence (1993); vigil for true peace, justice, religious tolerance, and equal rights for all in the Middle East. [Declaration of Principles was signed by Israel & the PLO on 9/13/1993.] [The History of the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict]

* 9/15: Day the first woman was ordained a Congregational/Unitarian minister in the U.S. (1853). [Rev. Antoinette Blackwell]

* 9/17: Christian feast of St. Hildegarde von Bingen (d. 1179)--mystic who sang praises to Holy Spirit Wisdom (the feminine aspect of the Holy Trinity) and found Her everywhere in Nature.

* 9/19: Appearance of Our Lady of La Salette, Mother of the Harvest (France 1846).

* 9/21: International Day of Peace--Day to demonstrate for peace with justice throughout the world. [a/k/a U.N. International Day of Peace] [For more information on the International Day of Peace, see United Nations website; International Day of Peace website; International Day of Peace Vigil website.]

* 9/29: Feast of Michael, Angel of Protection, and Uriel, Angel of Justice.

* 9/30: Christian feast of Hagia Sophia (Holy Wisdom), Soul of the Universe.

* 10/2: Feast of the Guardian Angels; day to honor one's personal guardian and guide.

* 10/4: Christian feast of St. Francis of Assisi (d. 1226), and Animal Blessing Day.

* 10/11: Opening of Vatican II Council, during which the Catholic Church committed to ecumenism, freedom of religion, and social justice (1962). [The Council met from 10/11/1962 to 12/8/1965.]

* 10/12: Day the first woman was ordained a Methodist minister in the U.S. (1880). [Rev. Anna Howard Shaw]

* 10/13: Final appearance of Our Lady of Fatima, Lady of Oracles and Miracles (Portugal 1917).

[* 10/15: Christian feast of St. Teresa of Avila (d. 1582), mystic who loved Deity passionately.]

* 10/18: Day the Clean Water Act was enacted (1972); day to give thanks for the water we drink. [Pub. L. 92-500, 86 Stat. 896, 33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.] [Text of statute] [See also EarthJustice website.]

* 10/24: Feast of Raphael, Angel of Healing.

* 10/24: Day the first woman was ordained a Presbyterian minister in the U.S. (1956). [Rev. Margaret Ellen Towner]

* 11/1: All Saints Day--Day Christians remember all the virtuous dead, known and unknown.

* 11/2: All Souls Day--Day Christians remember all the beloved dead.

* 11/2: Day the first openly gay man was consecrated an Episcopalian bishop (2003). [Bishop Gene Robinson]

* 11/3: Christian feast of St. Martin of Porres (d. 1639), healer and advocate of social equality and inter-ethnic harmony; guide of healers and human rights activists.

* 11/4: World Community Day--Day for celebrating the unity behind diversity and remembering we are all one people - all children of the one universal Deity of many names and aspects.

* 11/7: Anniversary of the first Re-Imagining Conference, where worship of Holy Spirit Wisdom brought Goddess-consciousness to mainstream Christianity (1993). [11/4-11/7/1993]

* 11/8: Birthday of Dorothy Day (1897), activist for peace, economic justice, and workers' rights. [Founder of the Catholic Worker Movement.] [Death day 11/22/1980]

* 11/10: Birthday of Martin Luther (1483), Christian reformer who rejected blind obedience to religious authority and recognized the priesthood of all believers. [Death day 2/18/1546]

* 11/11: Death day of Lucretia Mott (1880), Quaker preacher and non-violent advocate for the rights of women and African Americans. [Birthday 1/3/1793]

* 11/12: Birthday of Sr. Juana Ines de la Cruz (1651), Catholic nun and feminist poet. [Death day 4/17/1695]

* 11/17: Fast for an Abundant World Harvest--Day to fast and commit to action to help prevent deaths from malnourishment world-wide. [a/k/a Fast for a World Harvest] [For more information, see the Oxfam America website.]

* 11/20: Remembrance day for Meister Johannes Eckhart (d. 1328), Christian mystic. He taught the four ways of the mystic's journey - the creating, positive, negating, and transforming ways. [1260-1328: Birthday & death day unknown]

* 11/24: Thanksgiving Day--Day to give thanks for the abundance of our land and for our food, clothes, shelter, and health.

* 11/26: Death day of Sojourner Truth (1883), Christian preacher and non-violent advocate for the rights of women and African Americans. [Born 1797: exact date unknown]

* 11/27 to 12/24 (OC 11/28 to 1/6): Advent/Festival of Lights--Christian vigil for the birth of the Cosmic Christ. Advent candles are lit. [a/k/a Christmas Lent]

* 11/28: Day the Women's Ordination Conference opened, advocating the ordination of women priests in the Catholic Church (1975). [After apologizing for the past oppression of women on 7/10/1995, the Vatican issued a declaration on 11/18/1995 indicating that the Church's ban on ordaining women was an infallible teaching.]

* 12/1: World AIDS Day--Day to pray for healing of all those suffering with AIDS and HIV. [For information on World AIDS Day, see World AIDS Day website. For information about the global fight against AIDS, see UNAIDS website.] [For information on HIV/AIDS and Human Rights, see Human Rights Watch website.]

[* 12/6: Christian feast of Old St. Nicholas/Santa Claus, who leaves gifts for all good children.]

* 12/8: Christian feast celebrating St. Anna's conception of Blessed Mary.

* 12/10: Birthday of John Murray (1741), Trinitarian Universalist who believed that Jesus died to save all humanity, not just Christians. [Death day 9/3/1815]

* 12/10: Day the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted, and fundamental rights were recognized world-wide (1948). [The U.N. General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (U.D.H.R.) in Resolution 217 A(III).] [a/k/a International Human Rights Day] [Text of Declaration] [For more information on the history of the U.D.H.R., see Franklin & Eleanor Roosevelt Institute website.] [The U.D.H.R. is generally recognized as binding customary international law. In 1966, the concepts of the U.D.H.R. were expanded and drafted into two binding international treaties with enforcement mechanisms. The Covenant on Civil and Political Rights [text of Covenant] is enforced by the Human Rights Committee [see Human Rights Committee website; University of Minnesota Human Rights Library website] and the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. [See Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights website; Human Rights Watch website.] The Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights [text of Covenant] is enforced by the Committee on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights. [See Committee on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights website.]

* 12/12: First Appearance of Our Lady of Guadalupe, Mother of God and Mother of the Oppressed, at the former shrine of Aztec Moon Goddess Coatlicue (Mexico 1531).

* 12/14: Christian feast of St. John of the Cross (d. 1591), whose suffering - for advocating church reform - generated mystical union with Deity.

* 12/15: Day the Bill of Rights became part of the Constitution, guaranteeing fundamental rights to all (1791). [a/k/a Bill of Rights Day] [Text of Bill of Rights] [For more information about the Bill of Rights and the U.S. Constitution, see U.S. National Archives & Records Administration website and the Bill of Rights Institute website] [For information on organizations that advocate for enforcement of rights and liberties in the Bill of Rights, see Center for Constitutional Rights website; American Civil Liberties Union website.]

* 12/15: Death day of Fr. Pavel Florensky (1943), Orthodox Christian mystic who taught that Holy Wisdom is Our Mother, the Holy Spirit, third part of the Holy Trinity. [Birthday 1/21/1882]

* 12/15: Day the Catholic Church silenced Fr. Matthew Fox for teaching Creation Spirituality (1988); day to mourn the silencing of all religious dissenters and reformers.

* 12/16 to 12/24: Christmas Novena/Las Posadas--Christian remembrance of the journey of Blessed Mary and St. Joseph to Bethlehem and their taking refuge in a cave-stable.

* 12/17: Day the Clean Air Act was enacted (1963); day to give thanks for the air we breathe. [Pub. L. 88-206, 77 Stat. 392, 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.] [Text of statute] [See also EarthJustice website.]

[* 12/23: Birthday of Joseph Smith (1805), founder of the Mormon Church [Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints]. He promoted a religion that was egalitarian and communitarian, and worshipped Deity as a Heavenly Father and Heavenly Mother.] [Death day 6/27/1844]

* 12/24 eve: Mother Night--Christian vigil for the laboring Blessed Mary.

* 12/25 (OC 1/7): Christmas--Christian celebration of Blessed Mother Mary giving birth to Child Jesus by the power of the Holy Spirit. [a/k/a Feast of the Nativity]

* 12/28: Day the first woman was ordained a Catholic priest (without Vatican authority) (1970). [Mthr. Ludmila Javorova was ordained by Catholic Bishop Felix Maria Davidek in Czechoslovakia. Her ordination is not recognized by the Vatican.] [See "Out of the Depths: The Story of Ludmila Javorova, Ordained Roman Catholic Priest" by Miriam Therese Winter]

* 12/28: Day the Endangered Species Act was enacted (1973); day to mourn those creatures already extinct. [Pub. L. 93-205, 87 Stat. 884, 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.] [Text of statute] [See also EarthJustice website.]

[The Christian holy scripture is the Bible, which includes the Old Testament (the Hebrew Bible) and the New Testament (the Gospels of Jesus and the Letters of the Apostles). Some denominations also recognize the Old Testament Apocrypha as a canonical or instructive text. Christian beliefs are reflected in the Nicene Creed and the Apostles Creed. Some denominations also recognize the Athanasian Creed. Christians believe in the existence of one Deity manifested as a Trinitarian Godhead, and believe in the divinity and humanity of Christ Jesus.) Christians follow the Ten Commandments and Jesus' instruction: to love Deity with all one's heart, soul, and mind; and to love one's neighbors throughout the world as oneself. Christian communal worship occurs on Sunday for most denominations, though some denominations hold communal worship on Saturday or other days. Christians attend churches to hear Biblical readings and interpretation, and to partake of the Eucharist/Lord's Supper. While theological and ritual differences exist among the various denominations, it is not the intent of this calendar to prefer one over another. Rather, it is our intent to be inclusive and ecumenical.]

[Christianity encompasses mystic Christianity (also known as Christian mysticism or the Wisdom Tradition), based on the Wisdom Literature of the Bible and writings of Christian mystics. Christianity also includes progressive social interpretation: the Social Gospel (embracing social justice), Liberation Theology (embracing social equality, economic justice, and empowerment of the oppressed), and Feminist Theology (embracing gender equality, empowerment of women, and recognition of the femininity of the Holy Spirit), and is sometimes called Liberal Christianity, Progressive Christianity, Humanistic Christianity, and Vatican II Catholicism. Christianity also includes environmentalist interpretation (Creation Spirituality, deep ecology, and Christian stewardship). Christianity also is reflected in ethnic interpretation (such as Celtic Christianity and Hispanic Christianity) and in the interfaith dialogue of ecumenism.]

[This Christian calendar is an ecumenical calendar (interfaith calendar). It includes Eastern Orthodox holidays, Catholic holidays, Episcopal holidays, and Protestant holidays. Thus, it constitutes an Eastern Orthodox Christian calendar, a Catholic calendar, an Episcopal calendar, and a Protestant calendar. Not all Christian denominations observe all the Christian holidays reflected in this calendar. For example, while Eastern Orthodox Christians, Catholics, Episcopalians (Anglicans), and some Protestants celebrate the feasts of many saints (saints days or feast days), they do not recognize all the same saints. And some Protestants do not recognize saints. Dates for Christian holidays may vary from denomination to denomination, with Eastern Orthodox dates at variance with Catholic, Episcopal, and Protestant dates because of the difference between the Julian and Gregorian calendars. Holiday dates may also vary because of a difference between a traditional date and a recent Church reform.]

[Please note: Because this calendar is an interfaith calendar, the term "God" is used only when referring to a male Deity. The term "Deity" is used to refer to a gender-neutral Deity or a Deity that encompasses both male and female characteristics.]

[Information in brackets is not found in the printed calendar.]

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

About the Feminine Aspect of Deity...

Biblical & Apocryphal Sources:
The Suppression of Asherah
The Feminine Holy Spirit
Eloah/Hokhma/Shekhina/Ruach/Holy Spirit as Supernal Co-Creatrix
Eloah/Hokhma/Shekhina/Ruach/Holy Spirit as Life & Bounty
Eloah/Hokhma/Shekhina/Ruach/Holy Spirit as Wisdom & Understanding
Eloah/Hokhma/Shekhina/Ruach/Holy Spirit as Justice & Mercy

Non-Biblical Sources:
Conceived by the Holy Spirit: The Apostles' Creed
Writings of St. Hildegard of Bingen

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Permission to use and distribute these excerpts is granted for non-commercial purposes, provided the following information is included:

Excerpted from
THE MYSTIC'S WHEEL OF THE YEAR 2005
A Multifaith Calendar Reflecting Eco-Egalitarian Spirituality

For information contact Page Two, Inc.:
P.O. Box 77167, Washington, D.C. 20013
1-800-821-6604
info@WheeloftheYear.com
www.WheeloftheYear.com

All Gods and Goddesses
are aspects of
the One Deity

The One Deity
is reflected in
all Gods and Goddesses

The One Deity
is Deity of all

Deity is
male and female,
yet genderless

Deity is
all forms,
yet formless

Deity is
within all;
Deity is
beyond all

Deity is
all-embracing
love

With all that
is known by all
the world's sages,
with all that
is written in all
sacred books,
with all that
is experienced
in all
spiritual traditions,
we still cannot
know
the unknowable--

Deity is Mystery

The Mystic's Wheel of the Year... a Multifaith Calendar Reflecting Eco-Egalitarian Spirituality

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Year 2008 Calendar By Month... JAN ~ FEB ~ MAR ~ APR ~ MAY ~ JUN ~ JUL ~ AUG ~ SEP ~ OCT ~ NOV ~ DEC

Year 2007 Calendar By Month... JAN ~ FEB ~ MAR ~ APR ~ MAY ~ JUN ~ JUL ~ AUG ~ SEP ~ OCT ~ NOV ~ DEC

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Year 2008 Calendar By Tradition...

Jewish - Kabbalah Holidays - 2008

Christian Holidays: Ecumenical Mysticism/ Wisdom Tradition - 2008

Unitarian Universalist Holidays - 2008

Muslim - Sufi Holidays - 2008

Baha'i Holidays - 2008

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Hindu Holidays - 2008

Buddhist Holidays - 2008

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Asian Holidays: Zoroastrian - Sikh - Jain - Taoist - Shinto - 2008

Native American - Meso American - Hispanic Holidays - 2008

African Holidays: Santeria - Old Egyptian - 2008

Pagan Holidays: Old Religions of Europe & the Middle East (Celtic, Norse, Greek, Roman, Egyptian, etc.) - 2008

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Solar & Lunar Cycles & Eclipses - 2008

Meteor Showers - 2008

Visible Planets - 2008

Astrological Periods - 2008

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Environmentalist - Deep Ecology Dates - 2008

Feminist - Human Rights - Social Justice Dates - 2008

Peace - Disarmament Movement Dates - 2008

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Year 2007 Calendar By Tradition...

Jewish - Kabbalah Holidays - 2007

Christian Holidays: Ecumenical Mysticism/ Wisdom Tradition - 2007

Unitarian Universalist Holidays - 2007

Muslim - Sufi Holidays - 2007

Baha'i Holidays - 2007

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Hindu Holidays - 2007

Buddhist Holidays - 2007

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Asian Holidays: Zoroastrian - Sikh - Jain - Taoist - Shinto - 2007

Native American - Meso American - Hispanic Holidays - 2007

African Holidays: Santeria - Old Egyptian - 2007

Pagan Holidays: Old Religions of Europe & the Middle East (Celtic, Norse, Greek, Roman, Egyptian, etc.) - 2007

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Solar & Lunar Cycles & Eclipses - 2007

Meteor Showers - 2007

Visible Planets - 2007

Astrological Periods - 2007

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Environmentalist - Deep Ecology Dates - 2007

Feminist - Human Rights - Social Justice Dates - 2007

Peace - Disarmament Movement Dates - 2007

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Year 2006 Calendar By Tradition...

Jewish - Kabbalah Holidays - 2006

Christian Holidays: Ecumenical Mysticism/ Wisdom Tradition - 2006

Unitarian Universalist Holidays - 2006

Muslim - Sufi Holidays - 2006

Baha'i Holidays - 2006

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Hindu Holidays - 2006

Buddhist Holidays - 2006

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Asian Holidays: Zoroastrian - Sikh - Jain - Taoist - Shinto - 2006

Native American - Meso American - Hispanic Holidays - 2006

African Holidays: Santeria - Old Egyptian - 2006

Pagan Holidays: Old Religions of Europe & the Middle East (Celtic, Norse, Greek, Roman, Egyptian, etc.) - 2006

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Solar & Lunar Cycles & Eclipses - 2006

Meteor Showers - 2006

Visible Planets - 2006

Astrological Periods - 2006

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Environmentalist - Deep Ecology Dates - 2006

Feminist - Human Rights - Social Justice Dates - 2006

Peace - Disarmament Movement Dates - 2006

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The Mystic's Wheel of the Year...
a Multifaith Calendar Reflecting Eco-Egalitarian Spirituality

Year 2008
Calendar
By Month... JAN ~ FEB ~ MAR ~ APR ~ MAY ~ JUN ~ JUL ~ AUG ~ SEP ~ OCT ~ NOV ~ DEC

Year 2007
Calendar
By Month... JAN ~ FEB ~ MAR ~ APR ~ MAY ~ JUN ~ JUL ~ AUG ~ SEP ~ OCT ~ NOV ~ DEC

Year 2008
Calendar
By Tradition...

Christian Holidays:
Ecumenical Mysticism/
Wisdom Tradition - 2008

Native American -
Meso American - Hispanic Holidays - 2008

Pagan Holidays:
Old Religions of Europe & the Middle East (Celtic, Norse, Greek, Roman, Egyptian, etc.) - 2008

Environmentalist -
Deep Ecology Dates - 2008

Year 2007
Calendar
By Tradition...

Christian Holidays:
Ecumenical Mysticism/
Wisdom Tradition - 2007

Native American -
Meso American - Hispanic Holidays - 2007

Pagan Holidays:
Old Religions of Europe & the Middle East (Celtic, Norse, Greek, Roman, Egyptian, etc.) - 2007

Environmentalist -
Deep Ecology Dates - 2007

Year 2006
Calendar
By Tradition...

Christian Holidays:
Ecumenical Mysticism/
Wisdom Tradition - 2006

Native American -
Meso American - Hispanic Holidays - 2006

Pagan Holidays:
Old Religions of Europe & the Middle East (Celtic, Norse, Greek, Roman, Egyptian, etc.) - 2006

Environmentalist -
Deep Ecology Dates - 2006

Year 2005
Calendar
By Tradition...

Christian Holidays:
Ecumenical Mysticism/
Wisdom Tradition - 2005

Native American -
Meso American - Hispanic Holidays - 2005

Pagan Holidays:
Old Religions of Europe & the Middle East (Celtic, Norse, Greek, Roman, Egyptian, etc.) - 2005

Environmentalist -
Deep Ecology Dates - 2005

Year 2004
Calendar
By Tradition...

Christian Holidays:
Ecumenical Mysticism/
Wisdom Tradition - 2004

Native American -
Meso American - Hispanic Holidays - 2004

Pagan Holidays:
Old Religions of Europe & the Middle East (Celtic, Norse, Greek, Roman, Egyptian, etc.) - 2004

Environmentalist -
Deep Ecology Dates - 2004